Command library

52 commands documented across bash, PowerShell and CMD — flags, common mistakes, and bilingual explanations.

catPrint a file's contents to the screen cdChange the current directory chmodChange file permissions chownChange file owner and group cpCopy files and directories curlFetch a URL from the command line digQuery DNS records for a domain findSearch a directory tree for files matching criteria findstrSearch for text in files or piped output (the Windows grep)Get-ChildItemList files and folders as objects Get-ContentPrint a file's contents as objects Get-FileHashCompute a file's cryptographic hash Get-NetTCPConnectionList TCP connections and listening ports Get-ProcessList running processes as objects Get-ServiceList Windows services and their status Get-WinEventRead Windows event logs gobusterBrute-force hidden directories, files and DNS subdomains grepSearch text for lines that match a pattern hostSimple DNS lookups hydraOnline password-guessing tool for authorised tests ipShow network interfaces, addresses and routes ipconfigShow or manage Windows network configuration johnCrack password hashes offline journalctlQuery the systemd journal (system and service logs)lastShow the login history for this host lastbShow failed login attempts lsList directory contents mkdirCreate a new directory mvMove or rename files and directories ncRead and write raw data across a network connection netstatShow network connections, listening ports and their owning processes niktoScan a web server for known vulnerabilities and misconfigurations nmapNetwork mapper: finds hosts, open ports and service versions nslookupQuery DNS the simple, interactive-friendly way pingTest whether a host is reachable psList running processes rmDelete files and directories searchsploitSearch the local Exploit-DB archive Select-StringSearch text in files for a pattern sha256sumCompute or verify SHA-256 file checksums sqlmapDetect and exploit SQL injection automatically ssShow socket connections and listening ports statShow a file's metadata and timestamps systemctlInspect and control system services tarCreate or extract archive files tasklistList running processes Test-NetConnectionTest connectivity to a host and TCP port tracerouteShow the network path (hop by hop) to a host typePrint a file's contents to the screen whoShow who is currently logged in whoamiShow which user account this shell is running as whoisLook up who registered a domain or owns an IP block